Fibromyalgia: Similar & Related Conditions

Skip to: Differential diagnosis of fibromyalgia Fibromyalgia and other related conditions Fibromyalgia is a medical condition characterized by chronic and widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and memory and cognitive problems. It is often co-morbid with one of more mental disorders, such as  depression, anxiety, personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, or post-traumatic stress disorder. Given the similarity of symptoms with other pain-causing […]

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What is CRIA syndrome?

Skip to: Symptoms & Pathology Causes and Current Research Treatment Cleavage-resistant RIPK1-induced autoinflammatory (CRIA) syndrome, is a recently discovered autoinflammatory disease caused by mutations within the receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) gene. The exact prevalence of CRIA syndrome is still undetermined as it has only recently been identified as a disease. Seven people from three separate families in the U.S. […]

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Charles Bonnet Syndrome Management

Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) is an ophthalmologic condition present in about one-third of persons with visual impairment. Patients with CBS experience various forms of visual hallucinations caused by the vision deterioration itself. Patients with CBS have visual hallucinations without any evidence of mental illness or illicit drugs use. CBS hallucinations are out of patients’ control and can last from minutes […]

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BPA Replacement Chemicals and Childhood Obesity

Skip to: Why replace BPA? Are BPA replacements safe alternatives? BP Alternatives and Childhood Obesity Despite the fact that bisphenol A (BPA) is a known endocrine disruptor, it remains one of the highest volume chemicals produced around the world. In an effort to reduce public exposure to BPA, many manufacturers responsible for producing products that come in contact with food […]

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Fermented Foods and Gut Health

Fermentation has been used since ancient times as a means of preserving food and beverages organically, with improved taste and nutritional value. It is well known that fermentation of food improves shelf life, food safety and functionality, and nutritional properties. Most food groups including vegetables, dairy, cereals, legumes, fruits, starchy roots, and fish and meat can be fermented. Fermented foods […]

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Botulism Treatment and Prevention

Skip to: What is botulism? How is botulism is diagnosed? How is botulism treated? What are the preventive measures? Botulism is a rare but fatal disease caused by botulinum toxins released from Clostridium botulinum bacteria. Botulism is categorized into five different forms: foodborne botulism, wound botulism, infant botulism, inhalation botulism, and iatrogenic botulism. Clostridium botulinum gram stain. Image Credit: Patiyurh […]

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Role of the Spleen in Drug Metabolism

The spleen is a soft, spongy organ located in the upper left part of the abdomen, just beneath the diaphragm. It is the largest lymphoid organ and is equipped with an intriguing microanatomy. The spleen is surrounded by a connective tissue capsule made up of collagen, reticular fibers, and smooth muscle cells. From the capsule, strands of connective tissue, termed […]

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Adiponectin and Diabetes

Diabetes has become a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and the prevention and management of diabetes is now a major global health concern. While recent studies link obesity with diabetes, there is an increase in focus on the functions of adipocytes beyond fat storage. Pro-inflammatory secretory proteins derived from adipocytes throw some light on the relationship between obesity and […]

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How Will AI Impact Ophthalmology?

Ophthalmology can involve many repetitive tasks, such as tonometry, biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy. Deep learning AI devices can be used to perform these tasks with extremely high accuracy. Image Credit: Viktoria Gavrilina / Shutterstock What is artificial intelligence? Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the property of intelligence (independent and/or creative problem-solving, induction and decision-making) demonstrated by machines. AI systems can learn from […]

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Does Depression and Anxiety Increase the Risk of Dementia?

Skip to: Can Depression Increase the Risk of Dementia? Can Anxiety Increase the Risk of Dementia? Depression and anxiety can affect individuals across their life-course whereas dementia tends to typically affect older people. Depression and anxiety are common symptoms of dementia, but much less is known about whether depression and anxiety can actually lead to dementia. Image Credit: Photographee.eu / […]

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