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Skip to: What is botulism? How is botulism is diagnosed? How is botulism treated? What are the preventive measures? Botulism is a rare but fatal disease caused by botulinum toxins released from Clostridium botulinum bacteria. Botulism is categorized into five different forms: foodborne botulism, wound botulism, infant botulism, inhalation botulism, and iatrogenic botulism. Clostridium botulinum gram stain. Image Credit: Patiyurh […]
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The spleen is a soft, spongy organ located in the upper left part of the abdomen, just beneath the diaphragm. It is the largest lymphoid organ and is equipped with an intriguing microanatomy. The spleen is surrounded by a connective tissue capsule made up of collagen, reticular fibers, and smooth muscle cells. From the capsule, strands of connective tissue, termed […]
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Diabetes has become a leading cause of morbidity and mortality and the prevention and management of diabetes is now a major global health concern. While recent studies link obesity with diabetes, there is an increase in focus on the functions of adipocytes beyond fat storage. Pro-inflammatory secretory proteins derived from adipocytes throw some light on the relationship between obesity and […]
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Ophthalmology can involve many repetitive tasks, such as tonometry, biomicroscopy, and ophthalmoscopy. Deep learning AI devices can be used to perform these tasks with extremely high accuracy. Image Credit: Viktoria Gavrilina / Shutterstock What is artificial intelligence? Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the property of intelligence (independent and/or creative problem-solving, induction and decision-making) demonstrated by machines. AI systems can learn from […]
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Skip to: Can Depression Increase the Risk of Dementia? Can Anxiety Increase the Risk of Dementia? Depression and anxiety can affect individuals across their life-course whereas dementia tends to typically affect older people. Depression and anxiety are common symptoms of dementia, but much less is known about whether depression and anxiety can actually lead to dementia. Image Credit: Photographee.eu / […]
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Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder which affects the motor and non-motor systems within the human brain. As a result of this, those with the disorder develop deficits in mobility, dexterity and executive functioning. Although, drugs and surgical interventions are primarily used to treat Parkinson’s diseases, still patients develop gradual disability. Occupational therapy aims to help patients restore their daily […]
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Herd immunity occurs when the majority of a population develops immunity against a contagious disease either through vaccination or due to a previous infection. This significantly reduces the likeliness of disease transmission from one person to another. Image Credit: Lightspring/Shutterstock.com What is herd immunity? The development of herd immunity is an important way of gaining protection from contagious diseases, such […]
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When drugs are being trialed for their effectiveness, there are typically several stages. Double-blind trials are seen as the most reliable type of study because they involve neither the participant nor the doctor knowing who has received what treatment. The aim of this is to minimize the placebo effect and minimize bias. Image Credit: AllaBond/Shutterstock.com How they work In double-blind […]
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Skip to: A Toxin Capable of Halting a Signaling Pathway Achieving Tumour Growth Inhibition The Promise of Drug Repurposing in the Future Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) describes the form of the disease that lacks the expression of 3 receptors: estrogen, progesterone, and HER2. Up to 15% of breast cancers are considered to be TNBC, which is correlated with an elevated […]
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Eating nuts during early pregnancy can improve a child’s neuropsychological development. It has been found that children whose mothers eat 2 – 3 ounces of nuts per week (an average of 74 grams per week) during the first trimester of pregnancy have better IQ, memory, and attention/concentration than their peers whose mothers do not eat nuts during pregnancy. Image Credit: […]
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