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A bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common form of congenital heart disease and is present in about 2% of the population, affecting twice as many males as females. It is an abnormal form of the aortic valve between the heart and the aorta, the great vessel which supplies blood to the whole body except the lungs. In the […]
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Any surgery done to correct deformities and/ or malformations of the eyes and its surrounding components may be referred to as oculoplastic surgery. Structures such as the bony socket of the eye, eyelids and tear ducts are included, as well as the cheeks and skin in the contiguous area. A combination of reconstruction and plastic surgery may be done by […]
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Adipocytes can be converted into mesenchymal stem cells, which can then be converted into megakaryocytes. These megakaryocytes can be used to produce platelets, which may be a source of safer platelet transfusions. What are adipocytes? Adipocytes are specialized cells that store energy as fat, they are mainly comprised of adipose tissues. Adipocytes differentiate from mesenchymal stem cells; thus, they are […]
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Infertility issues plague nearly 15% of couples in the world. This means that close to 48 million couples worldwide have trouble conceiving a baby despite trying to for a year or more. Of these cases nearly 30% are due to male infertility issues. There is no way to accurately pinpoint cases of male infertility across the globe, but recent studies […]
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Small intestinal bowel overgrowth (SIBO) is a condition in which there is upward proliferation of the colonic bacteria, so that they start to grow in the small intestine. The usual definition is more than 105 colony-forming units of microflora per mL of aspirated fluid from the upper intestine. This occurs only in a state of disease, because the healthy gut […]
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A movement disorder is a condition characterized by the occurrence of involuntary abnormalities in movement. It may be classified as hyperkinetic or hypokinetic, depending upon whether there is an increase or decrease in overall movement. Hyperkinetic disorders include tremor, dystonia, myoclonus, and chorea. Alcohol is commonly used as a stimulant and a sedative, depending upon the dose ingested and the […]
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition characterized by developmental problems, learning difficulties, and social interaction issues. Image Credit: Africa Studio What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that affects brain development. It affects how a person perceives and socializes with others, leading to problems with communication and social interaction. Autism can be diagnosed […]
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By Jeyashree Sundaram (MBA) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) may likely arouse queries in patients about factors like prognosis and survival, both of which are based on numerous aspects. Prognosis is a statistic taken by analyzing how far the doctor knows about the medical history of a patient, choice of treatment provided, characteristics of cancer, and stage of cancer. Estimating how […]
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Skip to How is creatine made? What does creatine do? Creatine Supplements Possible side effects Creatine (methylguanidine acetic acid) is a naturally occurring molecule derived from amino acids that is primarily stored in skeletal muscle. Creatinine is also found in the liver, pancreas, testes and kidneys, although in much smaller quantities. Once combined with phosphate to form phosphocreatine or creatine […]
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Reproductive technology has advanced tremendously over the past few decades. It started in 1978 with the birth of Louise Brown by in vitro fertilization (IVF) to a previously infertile couple. IVF refers to the fusion of an egg and a sperm outside the woman’s body i.e. in the laboratory. The fertilized ovum or egg is then allowed to grow for […]
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