in Archives - Page 48 of 51 - Family Medicine News

How environmental pollutants and genetics work together in rheumatoid arthritis

19.04.2018 Health Problems

It has been known for more than three decades that individuals with a particular version of a gene—human leukocyte antigen (HLA)—have an increased risk for rheumatoid arthritis. Meanwhile, in recent years, there has been a growing interest in the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and environmental factors, such as cigarette smoking. In smokers who develop rheumatoid arthritis, the disease hits harder. […]

Pathways in the young brain are associated with susceptibility for mental disorders

18.04.2018 Health Problems

Adolescence is a period for individual growth and opportunities, but it also coincides with the emergence of many mental disorders. In a study that was recently published in JAMA Psychiatry, Norwegian researchers revealed that the pathways between brain regions are associated with early signs of mental illness in youth. The researchers analyzed a wide range of clinical, cognitive, and genetic […]

Scientists discover sweet spot of activity in immune system key to fighting cancer

18.04.2018 Health Problems

Scientists at the University of Southampton have shown how stimulating a specific location on the surface of immune cells can be targeted with antibodies to help in their fight against cancer. The new work concerns a receptor called CD40 found of the surface of certain immune cells which regulates their activity. The CD40 receptors are normally dispersed over the surface […]

How does dietary restriction extend lifespan in flies?

17.04.2018 Health Problems

Lifespan in flies is extended by limiting the activity of a group of proteins called GATA transcription factors (TFs), giving clues to how a moderate reduction in food intake protects against multiple ageing-related diseases, according to a new UCL-led study. The beneficial effect of reducing the action of a GATA TF is comparable to the prolonged lifespan achieved through dietary […]

Study characterizes proteins resulting from RAS gene mutations, found in more than 20 percent of all human cancers

17.04.2018 Health Problems

When a RAS gene operates normally, it acts as an on/off switch for cell signaling to control cell proliferation. But when the gene mutates, the switch jams into the “on” position, allowing cells to proliferate uncontrollably. This unstoppable cascade inevitably leads to cancer. “The mutation in the gene is very common in pancreatic and colon cancer,” said Neil Kelleher, the […]

Immune therapy scores big win against lung cancer in study

16.04.2018 Health Problems

For the first time, a treatment that boosts the immune system greatly improved survival in people newly diagnosed with the most common form of lung cancer. It’s the biggest win so far for immunotherapy, which has had much of its success until now in less common cancers. In the study, Merck’s Keytruda, given with standard chemotherapy, cut in half the […]

Selective inhibitor shows early promise in patients with RET-altered cancers

16.04.2018 Health Problems

BLU-667, a next-generation inhibitor that selectively targets the oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase RET, was well tolerated and had broad clinical benefit in patients with advanced cancer that had progressed on previous therapies including multikinase inhibitor therapy. Proof-of-concept data will be presented from an ongoing phase I clinical trial at the AACR Annual Meeting 2018, April 14-18, in Chicago. “RET-altered cancers […]

Painkillers in pregnancy may affect baby’s future fertility

16.04.2018 Health Problems

Taking painkillers during pregnancy could affect the fertility of the unborn child in later life, research suggests. The study identifies that these drugs may also affect the fertility of future generations, by leaving marks on DNA. The findings add to a growing body of evidence that certain medicines, including paracetamol, should be used with caution during pregnancy. Researchers stress that […]

Fecal microbiota transplantation produces sustained improvements in cognitive and clinical outcomes

14.04.2018 Health Problems

A single treatment using an optimized, targeted form of faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) produces sustained clinical and cognitive improvements, according to the results of a long-term follow-up of patients with liver cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) who had participated in a short-term study. The original, randomized, open label study, which enrolled 20 outpatient men with cirrhosis and recurrent HE receiving […]

Sustained virological response to oral hepatitis C virus treatment associated with reduced mortality in Italian cohort

14.04.2018 Health Problems

Patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) after direct-acting antiviral agent (DAA) treatment have lower all-cause mortality, according to a real-world study presented today at The International Liver Congress 2018 in Paris, France. The study, conducted in Italy, found that patients who achieved SVR were at reduced risk of death from both […]

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