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Kallmann syndrome is a medical condition characterized by idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with anosmia. The scientific research into this condition has improved our understanding of it, and helped to improve the diagnostic and treatment recommendations for clinical practice. The discovery of the kisspeptin protein, and identification of its role as a key regulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion, has led to […]
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When an adoption comes through, it is usually a joyful and triumphant feeling that takes precedence over natural apprehensions and worries. The long slog of filling out endless forms and defending one’s ability to be a good parent before social workers, legal bodies, and the court, are finally over. The child one sought is now one’s own to raise and […]
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The common phenomenon of ‘pins and needles’ sensation (or paresthesia) caused by abnormally functioning nerves is described best as tingling and prickling feelings in one or more limbs. It may be intense enough to be uncomfortable or even painful, depending on the underlying etiology. In common parlance, the nerve is said to have fallen asleep. Pins and needles may be […]
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An eating disorder may be described as an extremely persistent habit of irregular eating associated with severe distress, despite the individual’s awareness of one’s body weight and shape. It includes both inadequate and excessive intake of food. Eating disorders are psychiatric illnesses especially common in children and which inhibit their growth. The effects of this disorder may include malnutrition, stunting […]
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Throughout the history of civilization, significant value has been seen in the presence of a complete set of teeth, both for functional and aesthetic reasons. This has driven people all over the world in various time eras to replace missing teeth, eventually leading to the invention and use of dental implants. Ancient History As early as 2000 BC, early versions […]
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X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is the most common cause of hereditary rickets in children. Its early recognition is crucial to appropriate pediatric management and surveillance for complications related to the disease as well as to its treatment. Diagnosis The clinical features of rickets is the bowing of the lower extremity bones following the initiation of weight bearing in early childhood, with […]
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Keratoacanthoma is a skin tumour which arises from the hair follicle. It is a low-grade skin tumour, which is more likely to occur on parts of the skin regularly exposed to the ultraviolet rays of the sun. This leads to DNA damage in that portion of the skin and subsequently to the development of a skin tumour in the form […]
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The condition called Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA) is an inherited one, caused by the transmission of two copies of a defective or mutated gene, one from each parent, which results in abnormal retinal development and significant or total impairment of its function. The loss of vision results in visual acuity of 20/400 or less. Clinical Features The clinical criteria first […]
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For patients with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), it is important to manage the condition appropriately to ensure they maintain a high quality of life. Management techniques typically include several different approaches simultaneously, such as behavior therapy, lifestyle interventions and education about the condition. Pharmacotherapy is usually indicated to manage the symptoms of the condition. Most drugs used in the […]
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The endocrine system is made up of certain special glands and the hormones produced by those glands in the body. The hormones are important for instructing specific cells to produce particular actions in response to a stimulus or imbalance in the body. The glands are responsible to recognize the need for hormone secretion. The hormones travel in the bloodstream to […]
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