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Vulvar cancer is a relatively less common type of cancer affecting the external female genitalia. The cancer commonly is of the squamous cell variety and affects the labia majora or minora. Common symptoms of vulvar cancer The common symptom of vulvar cancer is a continuous itch. Distinctive symptoms of vulvar cancer Some of the other more distinctive symptoms of the […]
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Ménière's disease is a disorder that affects the inner part of the ear. It leads to symptoms of: Dizziness tinnitus or ringing in the ears nausea vomiting jerky movements of the eyes loss of hearing Patients often also complain of a feeling of pressure in their ears. The disease manifests itself in attacks that may appear suddenly and without warning. […]
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Iodine is a nonmetallic basic element and an essential mineral for the human body. It is pivotal in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), and hence essential for normal function of the thyroid gland. Radioiodine represents a radioactive form of iodine most often used in the treatment of thyroid diseases. Radioiodine isotopes originate in fission and […]
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A food allergy is a result of your immune system getting confused by the structural similarity between proteins found in pollen or the harmless proteins found in certain foods. Image Copyright: Tim UR / Shutterstock Perceiving the latter as a threat, it releases immunoglobulin E (IgE), which activates an allergic reaction. This involves the release of chemicals such as histamine, […]
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Both the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are important in suppressing tumors and repairing damaged DNA. Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes give rise to a predisposition to cancer which is referred to as Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) syndrome. While more than 500 different mutations can occur in the BRCA1 gene on chromosome 17 and raise a woman's […]
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The growth of prostate cancer is stimulated by the presence of male hormones or androgens in the body. Hormone therapy is aimed at reducing the amount of androgen present in the blood to prevent the growth and further spread of prostate cancer. The therapy is also called androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) or androgen suppression therapy. Hormone therapy works either by […]
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Pediatrics is the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents from birth up to the age of 18. The word “paediatrics” means “healer of children”; they are derived from two Greek words: (pais = child) and (iatros = doctor or healer). Paediatrics is a relatively new medical specialty, developing only in the […]
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The prosthetic implant used in hip replacement procedures is composed of three parts. These include the acetabular cup that acts as the socket; the femoral head or “ball” component that sits inside this socket; and the articular interface that lies between these components cushioning them to allow ease of movement as the structures interact with each other. The acetabular cup […]
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Spasticity is a condition involving an involuntary increase in muscle tone that leads to resistance against normal movements of the body and may cause pain in some individuals. It is strongly associated with certain medical conditions of the central nervous system (CNS), such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and cerebral palsy, in addition to injury or tumor growth in the area. […]
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Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are both health conditions involving the respiratory system and can lead to difficulty breathing. There is some overlap between the two conditions and it is estimated that approximately 40% of patients with COPD also suffer from asthma. However, there are some distinct differences between the two conditions, in their pathophysiology, presentation of symptoms […]
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