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Dumping syndrome is a known problem for persons who have undergone gastric, esophageal or bariatric surgeries. It is believed to as a direct consequence of the rapid transit of large osmotically active food particles into the lumen of the small intestine. It is estimated that up to 1 in 5 people who have had parts of their stomach surgically removed […]
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Mole mapping is a procedure used for surveillance of skin for malignant melanoma. Skin is examined, and through the use of dermoscopy, lesions of concern are identified and evaluated. Typically, mole mapping is done by means of photography or digital images of the whole body surface. This is kept as a record for future comparison to identify new lesions, or […]
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The pathophysiology of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is important to understand so that we can tailor treatments to the specific characteristic of the disease. This helps to improve treatment outcomes and minimize general side effects of therapy, as targeted treatments for the condition can be introduced. CML is a stem cell disease that involves the accumulation of myeloid precursor cells […]
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Caffeine is a stimulant that acts on the brain and the nervous system. Caffeine consumption can increase the BP and heart rate, in addition to making one feel awake. Consumption of large amounts of caffeine can result in anxiety and restlessness, and can even cause headache and insomnia. Regular consumption when stopped suddenly may cause withdrawal symptoms such as fatigue, […]
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Stillbirth refers to the death of a baby before or during delivery and after 24 weeks of pregnancy. If a baby dies before 24 weeks of completed pregnancy, the term “miscarriage” or fetal loss applies instead. In the UK, more than 3,600 babies are stillborn every year and stillbirth is fifteen times more common than cot death. Most stillbirths occur […]
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Singing in a choir is a group activity which has been among the many group interventions studied for their positive effects on people under stress. These groups could include cancer patients, those who provide care for cancer-affected people, and those who have lost a loved one to cancer recently. Choral singing may contribute more to the overall well-being of individuals, […]
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The causes of social anxiety are extremely complex and difficult to identify for the psychologist; what may seem like a cause could actually be only a contributing factor. The factors responsible for social anxiety are broadly classified as: Biological causes Environmental causes Life experiences Image Credit: Luis Molinero / Shutterstock Biological Causes Family History: Anxiety disorders are known to run […]
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Retinoblastomas are malignant tumors that occur mostly in children below 5 years of age. One of three tumors is bilateral. About 250-350 new cases are diagnosed each year in the US. Thus they make up about 4% of all tumors in childhood. Children with bilateral retinoblastoma (as occurs in 40% of cases) are diagnosed at a mean age of 15 […]
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of function. With approximately 10 million people living with PD worldwide, it is one of the most commonly occurring neurodegenerative diseases. The majority of individuals with PD are older than 50 with only 4% being diagnosed at an earlier stage in life. A decrease in dopamine is commonly […]
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Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) occurs due to the long-term damage caused by diabetes to the kidneys. In severe cases, this leads to kidney failure that requires dialysis, which is the clinical purification of blood to artificially substitute for normal kidney function. It is expensive and requires many lifestyle changes like dietary alterations, but a relatively normal life in terms of […]
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